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Roman Ratushnyi lived and died for just causes. As a teenager, the Ukrainian environmental and civic activist joined the Maidan pro-democracy and pro-western protests in Kyiv in 2013. He made his name defending a piece of woodland in the capital from illegal construction. On June 9, a few weeks before his 25th birthday, he was killed near Izyum, in the east of the country, while fighting for the Ukrainian army against Russian invaders.
羅曼·拉圖什尼(Roman Ratushnyi)爲正義而生，爲正義而死。十幾歲時，這位烏克蘭環境和公民社運人士就加入了2013年基輔獨立廣場親民主和親西方的抗議活動。他因爲保護首都的一片林地免遭非法建築而出名。6月9日，也就是他25歲生日的前幾周，他在烏克蘭東部的伊久姆附近爲烏克蘭軍隊抗擊俄羅斯入侵者而戰時犧牲。
To his friends and fellow activists, Ratushnyi was an exemplar: principled, ethical and determined to change his country by standing up to abuses of power. He embodied the vitality of Ukrainian civil society, which has been such a strength in the country’s war effort.
對他的朋友和其他活動家來說，拉圖什尼是一個榜樣：有原則，有道德，並決心透過反對濫用權力來改變他的國家。他體現了烏克蘭公民社會的活力，這是該國戰爭努力中的一種力量。
“Roman was the ideal example of the Ukrainian citizen,” says Nazarii Kravchenko, an entrepreneur and fellow civic activist. “For civil society he was an example of righteousness, uncorruptability and high ideals.”
企業家、公民活動家納扎裏·克拉夫琴科(Nazarii Kravchenko)說：「羅曼是烏克蘭公民的理想榜樣。對於公民社會來說，他是正義、廉潔和崇高理想的典範。」
Ratushnyi was born in Kyiv on July 5 1997 into a civically minded home. His father, Taras Ratushnyy, is a journalist and activist who campaigned to protect the capital’s heritage sites. His mother, Svitlana Povalyaeva, is a well-known Ukrainian writer. As a child he was taken by his parents to demonstrations.
1997年7月5日，拉圖什尼出生在基輔一個有公民意識的家庭。他的父親塔拉斯·拉圖什尼(Taras Ratushnyy)是一名記者，也是一名社運人士，致力於保護首都的遺產遺址。他的母親斯維特拉納·波瓦列娃(Svitlana Povalyaeva)是一位著名的烏克蘭作家。當他還是個孩子的時候，他的父母就帶他去參加示威遊行。
He took part in the Maidan protests against the government of Ukraine’s corrupt pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych, who spurned an association agreement with the EU in favour of closer ties with Moscow. On November 30 2013, along with scores of other protesters he was beaten by the Berkut, the brutal riot police.
他參加了獨立廣場的抗議活動，反對烏克蘭腐敗的親俄總統維克多·亞努科維奇(Viktor Yanukovych)，亞努科維奇拒絕與歐盟簽訂聯合協議，而傾向於與莫斯科建立更緊密的關係。2013年11月30日，他和其他幾十名抗議者一起被殘暴的防暴警察機構Berkut毆打。
Ratushnyi, then a law student, began a long campaign for legal redress which culminated in a 2021 ruling by the European Court of Human Rights that his right to peaceful protest had been violated.
當時還是法學院學生的拉圖什尼開始了一場長期的尋求法律補救的運動，最終在2021年歐洲人權法院(European Court of Human Rights)裁定他的和平抗議權利受到了侵犯。
In a 2018 account, Ratushnyi wrote that the Maidan revolution, which forced Yanukovych out of office, unleashed deep changes in Ukrainian society and political culture: “Without the Maidan, without the demonstration of real resistance to the authorities, these things would not exist. Now I feel completely free in this country. And I feel this country is my own.”
在2018年的一篇文章中，拉圖什尼寫道，迫使亞努科維奇下臺的獨立廣場革命在烏克蘭社會和政治文化中引發了深刻的變化：「如果沒有獨立廣場，如果沒有對當局的真正反抗，這些事情就不會存在。現在我在這個國家感到完全自由。我覺得這個國家是我自己的。」
Ratushnyi next worked as an investigative journalist, uncovering stories of official malfeasance. But he came to prominence in 2019 leading a campaign to protect Protasiv Yar, a patch of hilly woodland with a small ski slope in his central Kyiv neighbourhood.
拉圖什尼後來成爲一名調查記者，揭露官員瀆職的故事。但他在2019年領導了一場保護普羅塔西夫·雅爾(Protasiv Yar)的運動，這是基輔中心社區的一片丘陵林地，有一個小滑雪場。
Residents were furious when a property company owned by businessmen allied to oligarch Ihor Kolomoisky began to clear the site for a residential complex — without proper permits but allegedly in cahoots with local officials. Ratushnyi set up a campaign group, mounted a legal challenge and organised demonstrations, which led to clashes with police. He also won over Vitali Klitschko, Kyiv’s mayor, to his cause.
當一家由寡頭伊霍爾•科洛莫伊斯基(Ihor Kolomoisky)旗下的商人擁有的房地產公司開始清理這塊土地，以建設一個住宅小區時，居民們非常憤怒。該公司沒有獲得適當的許可，但據稱與當地官員勾結。拉圖什尼成立了一個運動組織，發起了法律挑戰，並組織了示威活動，這導致了與警方的衝突。他還爭取到了基輔市長維塔利•克利欽科(Vitali Klitschko)的支援。
During one of many protests, he was arrested on what he said were trumped up charges of vandalism, later dismissed by an appeals court. He also claimed he received death threats over his action to save the site.
在一次抗議活動中，他被逮捕，他說這是莫須有的破壞性指控，後來被上訴法院駁回了。他還聲稱，他因拯救該林地的行動而收到死亡威脅。
The campaign took a heavy toll on Ratushnyi, Yevhen Cherepnya, a friend and fellow campaigner told Suspilne, a news outlet. “But Roman said ‘if you get down to business, you have to finish it’.”
拉圖什尼的朋友、志同道合的社運人士葉文·切列普尼亞(Yevhen Cherepnya)告訴新聞媒體Suspilne，這次抗議活動讓拉圖什尼付出了巨大的代價。「但羅曼說，『如果你開始工作，你就必須完成它』。」
And finish it he did, or so it seems. In January this year, after a three-year battle, Ukraine’s supreme court ruled against the developers.
他確實完成了任務，至少看起來是這樣。今年1月，經過三年的鬥爭，烏克蘭最高法院判決開發商敗訴。
The following month, when Russia invaded, Ratushnyi immediately joined the volunteer territorial defence at the Kyiv front lines. He transferred to an army reconnaissance unit and took part in the celebrated battle to liberate Trostanyets, a town in the north-east, before redeploying further east to the Donbas.
接下來的一個月，當俄羅斯入侵時，拉圖什尼立即加入基輔前線的志願軍保衛領土。他調到陸軍偵察部隊，參加瞭解放東北部城鎮特羅斯坦耶茨(Trostanyets)的著名戰役，之後被重新部署到更東邊的頓巴斯地區。
“The more Russians we kill now, the fewer Russians our children will have to kill,” he said in a tweet, which Twitter deleted after it was widely shared following his death.
他在一條推文中說：「我們現在殺的俄羅斯人越多，我們的孩子不得不殺的俄羅斯人就會越少。」他死後，這條推文被廣泛轉發，Twitter已將其刪除。
This tirade laid bare the animus some Ukrainians, even civic-minded ones, now feel towards their Russian tormentors.
這段話暴露了一些烏克蘭人，甚至是有公民意識的人，現在對正在他們的土地上肆掠的俄羅斯人的敵意。
Every dead Ukrainian soldier is a loss to the country, but Ratushnyi was special.
每一個死去的烏克蘭士兵都是這個國家的損失，但拉圖什尼是特別的。
“Yesterday, like many, I cried,” Vakhtang Kipiani, the editor of Historical Truth, a news outlet to which Ratushnyi bequeathed money, wrote on Facebook. “Roman Ratushnyi was my personal hope for change in the city and the country. The Russians killed this hope.”
「昨天，和很多人一樣，我哭了，」拉圖什尼曾經捐贈過的新聞媒體《歷史真相》(Historical Truth)的編輯瓦赫唐·基皮亞尼(Vakhtang Kipiani)在Facebook上寫道。「羅曼·拉圖什尼是我個人對這個城市和國家變革的希望。俄羅斯人殺死了這個希望。」
