四、長壽時代的對策
D. Countermeasures in the age of longevity
長壽時代是關係人類未來發展的重大問題，如何應對長壽時代帶來的挑戰，如何讓長壽時代不伴隨貧困和疾病，是整個人類面臨的全球性的大問題，甚至是關係人類未來發展方向和生死存亡的問題。長壽時代和隨之而來的健康時代和財富時代，影響的不僅僅是老齡階段的個體，而是涉及全生命週期的人生規劃。重新規劃長壽時代個體全生命週期的安排，使個體可以更好地應對長壽時代的挑戰，是社會、政府和企業都需要考慮的問題。
The age of longevity comprises a major issue in the future development of mankind, and finding ways to deal with the challenges that this era will bring and to free it from poverty and disease is a global issue facing humanity as a whole, even affecting the direction of our future development, and survival. The age of longevity and the eras of health and wealth which will come with it will affect individuals not only in their old age, but also their life planning across their entire life cycle. Replanning an individual』s arrangements across their entire life cycle in the age of longevity will allow them to more effectively meet the challenges of the age of longevity, and this is an issue which society at large, government and companies must take into consideration.
1.在社會層面，需透過產業結構的變遷滿足長壽時代的個人需求
1. At the social level, individual needs will need to be met in the age of longevity through changes in the industrial structure.
個人是社會的基本單元，長壽時代，個人需求將呈現新特徵。工業化時代人們通常將人生劃分爲三個階段，教育期、就業期和退休期。隨著長壽時代的到來，人生將由多個階段組成，而不是工業化時代單一的線性維度（琳達·格拉頓等，2018）。隨著人生的延長和人生階段的變化，個人需要重新審視長壽的生命過程，對人力資本和財富的積累與消費重新進行規劃。在此背景下，個人需求將表現出三個特徵：一是健康需求，讓生命質量得以有效延長，有充分的活力面對人生階段的變化，而不是在虛弱和病痛中虛耗漫長的人生；二是財務和養老金需求，爲預期增加的壽命儲備更多的資金，維持財務穩定，滿足養老和健康的需求，從而獲得有質量的長壽人生；三是獲取新知識、新技能的需求，長壽時代個人維持生計所需的知識和技能將不斷變化，需要終身學習，隨時代變化掌握新的技能，以更好地積累財富應對長壽人生。這些個人需求的變化都對現行的社會經濟、政治、文化、教育、就業等所有結構提出挑戰。
The individual is the basic unit of society, and in the age of longevity, individual needs will take on new characteristics. In the industrial era, people often divided their lives into three stages: an education phase, an employment phase, and a retirement phase. With the onset of the age of longevity, life will still consist of multiple stages rather than a single linear dimension of the industrial era (Lynda Gratton et al., 2018). With the extension of their life spans and the changes in their life stages, individuals will need to re-examine their life paths in a context of longevity, and re-plan their accumulation and consumption of human capital and wealth. In this context, individual needs will take on three characteristics. The first is a need for health, so as to effectively prolong their quality of life, and to ensure sufficient vitality to face the life stage changes rather than squander this longer life in a state of weakness and illness. The second is a need for finance and pensions, in order to reserve more funds for the expected increase in lifespan, maintain financial stability, and meet old age and health needs, so as to enjoy a high-quality life in the context of longevity. The third is a need to acquire new knowledge and skills. The knowledge and skills required to sustain one』s livelihood in the age of longevity will continue to change, and lifelong learning and the mastery of new skills over time will be required in order to accumulate wealth for a longer lifespan. These changes in personal needs pose challenges to all of our existing socio-economic, political, cultural, educational and employment structures.
個人需求的變化將帶動社會產業結構從工業化向後工業化邁進。在這方面，中國可以借鑑很多發達國家轉型的經驗。從美國勞工統計局的數據來看，進入21世紀，服務相關的第三產業在經濟中的佔比得以提升。農業在1869年佔美國GDP的近40%，到2013年只有1%。與農業相比，服務業在經濟中的份額從1929年的40%上升到2013年的65%左右。與這個趨勢類似，長壽時代個人最核心的三個需求恰恰都對應當前服務業中的高階產業。未來，與長壽相關的健康、養老、教育產業和與之對應的科技、研發產業的成長速度將明顯高於均值。
Changes in personal needs will drive the social and industrial structure from an industrial to a post-industrial era. In this regard, China can learn from the experiences of many developed countries which are undergoing this transition. According to data from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, as we enter the 21st century, the proportion of services-related tertiary industries in the economy has increased. In 1869, agriculture accounted for close to 40% of US GDP; by 2013, this was a mere 1%. In contrast to agriculture, the share of the service sector in the economy has risen, from 40% in 1929 to approximately 65% in 2013. Similarly to this trend, the three core personal needs of the age of longevity all correspond with high-end industries in today』s service sector. In future, the growth rates of longevity-related health, pensions and education industries and their associated technology and R&D industries will be significantly higher than the average.
2.在政府層面，需健全社保體系，推動醫養供給側改革，引導長壽經濟轉型和個體行爲轉變
2. At the government level, it is necessary to improve the social security system, promote healthcare supply-side reforms, and guide the transformation of the longevity economy and changes in individual behaviour
面對長壽時代的到來，社保體系的籌資與支付將面臨更大的挑戰，從維護社保體系穩定的角度看，政府可採取適當推遲職工退休年齡、增加社保繳費年限、提高社保籌資基數等措施。同時，政府應使社會保障體系適應長壽時代的變化，比如優化養老金三支柱比例，發展個人養老第三支柱，推動長期性廣義養老金開展市場化投資；同時合理支出醫保資金，提升慢病管理的效益，建立廣覆蓋的長期照護機制等。除了維護基礎社會保障體系的穩定和高效，政府應該著力降低長壽時代的供給側的成本，透過各類政策引導和激勵擴大醫養服務供給，充分發揮市場作用，彌補養老和健康服務缺口。政府可以透過土地與稅費政策以及水、電、氣等基礎能耗的價格優惠政策，降低醫養服務供給方的建設和運營成本；進一步放寬社會資本投資設立健康服務、養老機構的准入，爲醫養行業拓展投融資管道；加強對醫養運營服務的市場化監管與標準體系建設，推動社會辦與公立醫養服務供給方享受同等的發展與扶持政策。同時，政府應該持續引導保險與金融領域完善支付與產品體系，有效促進健康、養老相關服務消費，使得供給方在滿足長壽時代服務需求的同時也能獲得不斷創新發展的動力。此外，政府應該鼓勵教育和網路產業提供更加適應長壽時代下民衆的多層次職業教育、興趣學習和社會交流需求的平臺。
Faced with the onset of the age of longevity, the financing and payment of the social security system will face even greater challenges. The government could take appropriate measures to ensure the sustainablity of the social security system, such as postponing the retirement age of workers, increasing the number of years required for social security contributions, or raising the social security funding quota. At the same time, the government should adapt the social security system to the changes brought about by the age of longevity, for example by optimising the proportion of the three pension pillars, developing the third pillar, personal pensions, or encouraging long-term general pensions to conduct market-oriented investments. At the same time, medical insurance funds should be spent properly, in order to improve the effectiveness of chronic disease management, and establish a broad-coverage, long-term care mechanism. In addition to maintaining the sustainability and efficiency of the basic social security system, the government should work to reduce supply-side costs in the age of longevity, employing a variety of policies to guide and encourage the expansion of the supply of medical and nursing services, to fully utilise the role of the market, and to plug any gaps in pension and healthcare services. The government could also reduce the supply-side construction and operating costs of medical and nursing services through land and taxation policies, and price concessions for the consumption of basic necessities such as water, electricity and gas. It could further relax access to establish healthcare services and pension institutions for social capital, and expand investment and financing channels for the medical and nursing industries. The government could also enhance the market-based supervision and establish a system of standards for medical and nursing operations services, and call for equal development and support policies for social and public providers of medical and nursing services. Simultaneously, the government should continue to guide insurance and financial sector to further its payment and product systems, and effectively promote the consumption of health and eldercare services, so that providers can achieve the momentum for continuous, innovative development while at the same time meeting the service needs of the age of longevity. In addition, the government should encourage the education and Internet industries to provide platforms which are more suited to people』s multi-level vocational education, interest-oriented learning and social exchange needs in the age of longevity.
在經濟政策層面，正如前文分析，爲了減輕老齡人口對經濟的衝擊，政府除了持續推動技術升級，還需要大力推動長壽經濟發展，創新就業崗位、提高就業的靈活性，爲老年人繼續參與經濟活動、創造社會價值提供條件，在此基礎上全面激發老齡人口的多元化需求，提升產業結構轉型的質量和對長壽時代的適應性。
At the economic policy level, as we have seen above, in order to mitigate the impact of population ageing on the economy, the government should not only continue to support and encourage technological upgrading. It should also forcefully drive the development of the longevity economy, create new jobs, increase employment flexibility, and provide the necessary conditions for the elderly to continue to participate in economic activity and create social value. This would provide the basis for a comprehensive stimulus of the diverse needs of the elderly population, and improve the quality of the transformation of the industrial structure as well as its adaptability to the age of longevity.
最後，政府應積極引導個人轉變認識和行爲，使個人更積極主動地規劃長壽人生。長壽時代的到來是個不可逆的命題，政府可加大教育、宣導的力度，幫助民衆更清晰明確地認識到新時代的到來及個體將面對的挑戰，鼓勵個人持續積累人力資本，更早地開啓財富規劃。如前所述，長壽時代下，個人的人生將不再是單一的線性維度，在教育、職業選擇等方面個體將具有更多的靈活性。對此，政府有必要考慮更靈活的社會治理模式與政策制度，幫助個體實現非線性人生所需的過渡，提高適應性。
Finally, the government should actively guide individuals to modify their knowledge and behaviour, so that individuals can plan their longevity lifestyles more proactively. The onset of the age of longevity is irreversible. The government can expand educational and publicity efforts, help the population to gain a clearer understanding of the onset of this new era and the challenges that individuals will have to face, and encourage individuals to continue to accumulate human capital, as well as embark on their wealth planning at an earlier stage. As we mentioned earlier, in the age of longevity, an individual』s life will no longer be a single linear dimension – individuals will have much greater flexibility, in educational, professional and other areas. In this regard, the government will need to consider more flexible models of social governance and policy making, to help individuals to complete the transition necessary for a non-linear life, and to improve their adaptability.
3.在企業層面，需加速商業模式和組織轉型以應對長壽時代的挑戰
3. At the corporate level, the transformation of business model and organisation must be accelerated in order to meet the challenges of the age of longevity
作爲國民經濟的細胞、市場經濟活動的主要參與者，企業在長壽時代能夠發揮的作用對社會、政府和個人來說都具有重要意義，同時企業未來的發展也必將受到長壽時代的影響，長壽時代正是企業解決突出矛盾、滿足人民羣衆對美好生活的嚮往、創造核心價值的時代。長壽時代的社會需求以老齡人口的需求爲基礎，老人的需求將不僅僅是維持生存，而是實現自己的願景，企業必須深刻了解這一需求變化，在商業上進行創新。哈佛大學的管理學者克萊頓·克里斯坦森（Clayton Christensen）於1997年提出了顛覆性創新理論，指出顛覆性創新就是用更簡單、更便宜、比現有技術更可信賴和更方便的技術去爭取勝利（克萊頓·克里斯坦森，2014）。爲了滿足長壽時代老人的需求，企業需要不斷降低成本，使得面向老人的產品和服務更方便和實惠。舉例來說，美國養老社區的發展，就遵從了這樣一個創新原則，如「太陽城」，透過出售老年人可以貸款購買的大型養老社區住宅，把高爾夫俱樂部變成老人的日常的生活，開啓了美國對積極退休生活的消費（Trolander，2011）。目前，新一代的養老社區正在把消費型的社區變成一個小型的長壽經濟體，既透過規模化、集約化的方式滿足老年人的基礎性和發展性消費，又鼓勵老人發揮銀髮智力繼續創作與生產，這大大降低了高品質長壽生活的成本。
As the living cells of a nation』s economy and the main participants in market economic activities, companies can play an extremely significant role with regard to society, government and the individual in the age of longevity. At the same time, the future development of a business will also necessarily be impacted by the age of longevity, and this era will be the one in which businesses resolve their outstanding contradictions, satisfy the population』s desire for a better life, and create core values. Social needs in the age of longevity will be based on the needs of the elderly population, and the elderly will need not only to survive, but also make their own vision a reality. Companies will need to gain a profound understanding of this change in needs, and ensure that they innovate in their business. Clayton Christensen, a management scholar at Harvard University, first proposed the theory of disruptive innovation in 1997, pointing out that disruptive innovation is achieving your objective using simpler, easier technologies which are more reliable and more convenient than those presently available (Clayton Christensen, 2014). In order to meet the needs of the elderly in the age of longevity, enterprises will need to continue to reduce their costs, and make products and services for the elderly more convenient and affordable. To give just one example, the development of elder care communities in the US has adopted innovative principles of its kind. In one example, Sun City have made the golf club an everyday destination for pensioners by selling homes in large-scale elder care communities which the elderly can purchase with a mortgage, introducing the consumer concept of active retirement to the USA (Trolander, 2011). Today, this new generation of retirement communities is turning consumer-oriented communities into small-scale, long-lived economic entities, which not only meet the basic and developmental consumption of the elderly through scalability and intensive methods, but also encourage the elderly to make use of their silver-haired wisdom to continue to create and produce, greatly reducing the cost of high-quality, longevity living.
與需求改變和供給側的創新相對應，我們認爲共享和生態將成爲企業的新組織形式。爲了應對長壽時代的挑戰，長壽時代的企業需要建立共享機制，以激發組織活力、提升組織效率。工業化時代的企業習慣於標準化的、流程化的、易於執行和管理的工作機制。而伴隨長壽時代的到來，多階段人生使得人們的工作和生活變得更靈活，這種靈活性將使傳統企業對流程化、標準化和可預測性的訴求難以得到滿足。爲了適應這種變化，企業自身的內部型態也需要足夠的靈活性來適應未來更多樣化的個人職業發展需求。企業傳統的僱傭模式將轉變爲合夥模式，建立利益共享機制，讓成員找到歸屬感、價值感，體現企業家精神，從而最大程度地展現出積極性和創造力。同時，由於長壽時代人口年齡結構柱狀特徵，各年齡段人口分佈均勻，年齡組內和組間的需求趨於多元化，這會帶來市場集中度的下降和市場需求的多樣化。而面對市場變化，只有建立生態產業體系的企業才能夠滿足長壽時代客戶多樣化的需求。在長壽時代，隨著信息技術帶來的便利，傳統的大型企業將有可能被更多的小而精的細分領域的更專業的企業所包圍，大型企業將與越來越多的小企業組成生態系統，共同迎接未來的挑戰。
We believe that sharing and the ecology will become a new form of organisation for businesses in response to changing needs and supply-side innovation. In order to meet the challenges of the age of longevity, businesses in the age of longevity will need to establish sharing mechanisms to stimulate organisational vitality and improve organisational efficiency. Businesses in the industrial era have become accustomed to standardised, process-oriented working mechanisms which are easy to implement and manage. With the advent of the age of longevity, however, a multi-stage life will allow people to work and live more flexibly, and this flexibility will be difficult to meet for traditional businesses with process-oriented, standardised and predictable requirements. In order to adapt to this change, the internal forms of businesses themselves will also need to be flexible enough to adapt to the more diverse personal vocational development needs of the future. Enterprises』 traditional employment models will transform into partnership models, and benefit-sharing mechanisms will be established to allow members to find a sense of belonging and value, and reflect an entrepreneurial spirit, thus maximising enthusiasm and creativity. At the same time, because of the pillar-shaped population age structure of the age of longevity, the population will be evenly distributed throughout each age group, and needs within and between different age groups will tend to diversify, which will lead to a reduction in market concentration and a diversification of market demand. In the face of market changes, only businesses which establish an industrial ecology system will be able to satisfy the diverse needs of customers in the age of longevity. In the age of longevity, the convenience provided by information technology will mean that traditional large-scale businesses will very likely be surrounded by greater numbers of specialised businesses in small or sophisticated subsectors. These large-scale enterprises will create an ecological system incorporating ever-increasing numbers of small enterprises in order to meet future challenges.
我們注意到，相較其他企業，商業保險公司在參與構建長壽時代下的產業體系方面具有獨特優勢。保險是金融服務業，更是民生產業，與養老、健康產業有天然的交集。一方面商業保險公司可以透過不同類型的保險金的累積，解決不同層級客戶未來長期的養老和健康資金需求；另一方面，在長壽時代商業保險公司不僅可以是個人和家庭醫養支付資金的重要承擔者，是企業和政府採購養老和健康保障計劃的產品提供者，更可以成爲醫療、養老、健康服務產業創新發展的有力促進者。借用保險資金特有的長期性和穩定性，商業保險公司長期投資支援養老地產、醫療健康產業的發展，不僅能解決上述產業發展的融資問題，也能實現保險資金投資的多元化，更是保險產業鏈的延伸，建立產業生態取得協同效用。
We note that in comparison with other enterprises, commercial insurance companies have a unique advantage when participating in the construction of an industrial system in the age of longevity. Insurance is a financial services industry, yet it is also a livelihood industry, having natural connections with eldercare and health industries. On the one hand, commercial insurance companies can solve the long-term pension and health funding needs of different levels of customer through the accumulation of different types of insurance funds. On the other, commercial insurance companies in the age of longevity are able to act not only as the disburser of personal and family medical care payments, but also as product providers to corporate- and government-sponsored and pension and health insurance plans. Furthermore, they could become powerful promoters of innovative development in the medical, pensions and healthcare services industries. By leveraging the long-term, stable nature of insurance funds, long-term investment by commercial insurance companies to support the development of eldercare real estate and healthcare industry could not only resolve the aforementioned issues regarding the financing of industrial development, but could also bring about the diversification of insurance fund investment. Furthermore, this extension of the insurance industry chain establishes an industrial ecology and achieves synergies.
中國正在迎來長壽時代，中國領先的保險公司都在不同程度上探索企業解決方案。泰康保險集團在23年的商業實踐中把一家傳統的人壽保險公司逐步改造、轉變、轉型爲大健康生態體系，探索出一套應對長壽時代需求與挑戰的企業解決方案，具有一定典型性，行業紛紛效仿，已經成爲哈佛商學院的教學案例⑦，這裏我們作爲案例加以研究。泰康保險集團股份有限公司成立於1996年，至今已發展成爲一家涵蓋保險、資管、醫養三大核心業務的大型保險金融服務集團。作爲保險業首個在全國範圍投資養老社區試點企業，該公司已完成北京、上海、廣州等19個全國重點城市養老社區佈局，成爲全國最大的高品質連鎖養老集團之一。秉承醫養融合理念，養老社區內配建以康復、老年醫學爲特色的康復醫院。圍繞長壽時代的主題，該公司透過打造長壽、健康、富足三個閉環，構建大健康產業生態體系。其中，長壽閉環指壽險與養老服務構成的閉環，客戶購買壽險和年金保障，在養老社區裏安享晚年；健康閉環指健康險與醫療服務構成的閉環，客戶購買健康保險保障，在醫療體系享受診療等健康服務；富足閉環指養老金與資管構成的閉環，客戶購買各類財富管理產品實現財富的保值增值，保障自己的醫療和養老需求。我們認爲，透過支付加服務，再結合中間的投資積累時間價值，泰康的商業模式構建出不同於傳統保險競爭的全新維度，產生比較優勢。
China is currently ushering in the age of longevity, and the country』s leading insurance companies are all to various degrees seeking their own business solutions. Taikang Insurance Group Inc. has, over 23 years of operational practice, gradually changed, transformed and remodelled itself from a traditional life insurance company into an ecological system of Big Health, seeking out a range of corporate solutions which meet the needs and challenges of the age of longevity. This case is representative to a certain degree, and the industry has gradually followed suit, such that it is now a study case at the Harvard Business School (7), and we will take a closer look at it here. Taikang Insurance Group Inc. was established in 1996, and has since developed into a major insurance and financial services group covering three core businesses: insurance, asset management and healthcare. The company was the first pilot enterprise in the insurance industry to invest in elderly care communities on a nationwide scale, establishing a network of elderly care communities distributed across 19 key cities in China, including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, making it one of China』s largest high-quality eldercare chain businesses. In line with their integrated concept of healthcare, these elderly care communities incorporate rehabilitation facilities providing rehabilitation and geriatric care. Focusing on the theme of the age of longevity, the company has constructed a ecological system of Big Health by creating three closed loops: longevity, health and affluence. Here, longevity refers to a closed loop of life insurance and eldercare services, in which customers purchase life insurance and annuity insurance, so that they can enjoy their old age in eldercare communities; health refers to a closed loop of health insurance and health-care services, in which customers purchase health insurance coverage, and receive diagnostic and other medical services within the healthcare system; and affluence refers to a closed loop comprising pension and asset management, in which customers purchase a range of wealth management products in order to ensure that their wealth is preserved and appreciates, thus protecting their own healthcare and eldercare needs. We believe that through payment plus services, combined with intermediate investments to accumulate time value, Taikang』s business model constructs an all-new dimension unlike its traditional insurance competitors, providing it with a competitive advantage.
從商業模式的角度來看，創新的本質是便捷和實惠。面對長壽時代的挑戰，泰康將保險與實體醫養相結合，透過專屬的年金保險產品「幸福有約」附加養老社區保證入住函的方式，既爲客戶未來的長壽生活提供足夠的資金積累，又提前鎖定優質養老社區資源，實現了保險客戶與養老服務的鏈接。在此基礎上泰康進一步提出「活力養老、高階醫療、卓越理財、終極關懷」四位一體的全生命週期商業模式，在實體服務方面實現了對老年生命鏈的整合，目標是使長者們以最優的成本、最高的效率獲得最優質的醫養康寧全方位服務和體驗。同時爲了能夠配合該商業模式的銷售和服務，該公司打造了「健康財富規劃師」這一全新職業，幸福有約系列產品、泰康之家養老社區和健康財富規劃師三位一體全方位滿足長壽時代人們對美好生活的嚮往。我們認爲，泰康這種模式帶來的效率提高和成本降低體現在以下幾個方面：首先，養老社區在設計上體現適老化（如採用小戶型設計），在建設運營上體現集約化，在連鎖經營上從品牌推廣到供應鏈都具有規模經濟，這都體現了商業創新的本質；第二，養老社區的連鎖運營有利於養老科技的創新和應用，替代部分昂貴人力，這有助於效率的進一步提升，使得居民享受更高質量和便捷的服務；最後，社區居民透過泰康的保險產品提前儲蓄，享受複利效應，在入住後可以大大降低財務壓力。泰康這種商業模式將使得更多的中產階級能夠負擔得起高品質的養老生活，提高支付能力，降低消費成本，更好地追求長壽時代下的願景，將推動一場養老革命。
From a business model perspective, the essence of this innovation is its convenience and affordability. Faced with the challenges of the age of longevity, Taikang has combined insurance with physical healthcare, and uses an exclusive annuity insurance product, 「Happiness Guide」, together with guaranteed admittance to an eldercare community, thus providing customers with sufficient funds to cover their future longevity. In addition, high-quality eldercare community resources are also locked in in advance, establishing a link between the insurance customer and the eldercare service. On this basis, Taikang further proposes a four-in-one full-lifecycle business model, comprising 「vibrant elderly care, high-end medical care, outstanding financial management, and end-of-life care」. In terms of physical services, this achieves the integration of the old-age life chain, the aim being to enable the elderly to obtain the highest-quality Kangning healthcare range of services and experience at the lowest cost and with the highest efficiency. At the same time, in order to coordinate the sales and services provided under this business model, the company has created a new career position, of 「Health & Wealth Planner (HWP)」. This trinity, of the Happiness Guide range of products, the Taikang Community eldercare communities and Health & Wealth Planner (HWP), effectively satisfy people』s yearning for a better life in this age of longevity. We believe that the improvements in efficiency and the reductions in costs brought about by this Taikang model are reflected in the following ways: first of all, the eldercare communities are elder-friendly in terms of their design (for example, in their use of small apartment designs), while also intensifying construction and operations processes, and the operations chain incorporates economies of scale ranging from brand promotion through to supply chains. All of these factors reflect the essence of business innovation. Secondly, the chain operation of the elderly care communities is conducive to the innovation and application of technologies for the elderly, partly replacing expensive manpower, which helps to further improve efficiency, and provides residents with access to higher quality, more convenient services. Finally, community residents save in advance through the use of Taikang』s insurance products, benefiting from the compound-interest effect, which greatly reduces their financial pressure after they move in. Taikang』s business model will enable greater numbers of middle-class people to afford high-quality old-age living, improve their ability to pay, reduce consumption costs, and more effectively pursue the vision of an age of longevity, which will drive an eldercare revolution.
作爲一個企業面向長壽時代的探索，我們也發現它會對政府政策和社會發展造成深遠的影響。近年來國家頒布一系列檔案鼓勵和支援保險企業爲社會服務領域提供長期股本融資、參與養老服務機構的建設運營、引領醫養領域的改革發展，比如2020年銀保監會聯合十三部委頒布的《關於促進社會服務領域商業保險發展的意見》就指出，允許商業保險機構有序投資設立中西醫等醫療機構和康復、照護、醫養結合等健康服務機構；鼓勵保險資金與其他社會資本合作設立具備醫養結合服務功能的養老機構，增加多樣化養老服務供給等等。泰康方案的實踐與國家政策的制定頒布相互促進和印證。在社會層面，泰康養老社區正在透過提供長壽服務向社會賦能，嘗試成爲長壽經濟的試驗田。在需求端，養老社區致力於提供健康諮詢、健康管理等醫療服務，提供高質量的文化活動及交流場所，透過科技應用打造更多適老化設施，實現健康養老、文化養老、智慧養老；在供給端，養老社區爲長者們發揮餘力反哺社會搭建新的平臺，透過提供遠距教學、搭建專家平臺等方式讓長者們積累的知識經驗持續指導社會生產，持續創造價值。
As a company facing the age of longevity, we have also found that this will have a profound impact on government policy and social development. In recent years, the state has promulgated a series of documents encouraging and supporting insurance enterprises to provide long-term equity financing in the social services sector, to participate in the construction and operation of eldercare institutions, and to lead the reform and development of the medical and nursing fields. For example, in 2020, Opinions on Promoting the Development of Commercial Insurance in the Field of Social Services, promulgated by the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission in conjunction with 13 ministries, noted that commercial insurance institutions should be allowed to invest in the establishment of medical institutions providing Traditional Chinese and Western medical services, as well as institutions which provide a combination of rehabilitation, care, medical, nursing and other healthcare services. Insurance funds should be encouraged to cooperate with forms of other social capital to establish eldercare institutions which provide integrated medical and eldercare services, and increase the supply of diversified eldercare services, inter alia. Practice in the Taikang programme and the formulation and promulgation of state policy provide mutual promotion and confirmation. At the social level, Taikang eldercare communities empower society through the provision of longevity services, as they attempt to become a test sector for the longevity economy. On the demand side, the eldercare communities are committed to providing medical services such as health consultancy and management, and also provide high-quality cultural activities and venues for residents to meet in. Science and technology is being applied to create more elder-friendly facilities, and achieve health-focused, culture-oriented, smart elder care. On the supply side, the eldercare communities provide a new platform on which the elderly can apply their abilities and give back to society. Through the provision of distance teaching and the establishment of expertise platforms, inter alia, the accumulated knowledge and experience of these elders continue to guide social production, and to create value.
綜上所述，泰康方案的本質是用商業方式推動一場養老革命，用市場經濟的方法和商業創新來不斷提升效率、降低成本，爲人類社會進入長壽時代提供應對思路。這不僅是長壽時代的企業解決方案，而且是一種以企業的力量推動社會和政府解決長壽時代挑戰的方案。在長壽時代的浪潮之下，中國需要更多企業投入到社會民生工程的建設當中，成長爲大健康和大民生工程的核心骨幹企業。
In summary, the essence of the Taikang programme is to promote an eldercare revolution using commercial methods, and continuously increase efficiency and reduce costs using market economy and business innovation in order to provide an appropriate line of thinking for human society as it enters the age of longevity. This is not only an enterprise solution for the age of longevity, but also a solution which leverages the power of business to promote social and governmental solutions to the challenges of the age of longevity. In the face of the age of longevity wave, China needs more companies to invest in the construction of social livelihood projects, and grow into core backbone Big Health and Big Livelihood businesses.
